April 23, 2018
tamil jothidam
4.1 Introduction
There are 11 upagrahas (sub-planets or satellites) defined by Sage Parasara. They do not appear to correspond to any physical bodies (planets, stars etc). From Sage Parasara's definition, they appear to be some significant mathematical points. They will be defined in two groups.
4.2 Sun-based Upagrahas
Five upagrahas called Dhuma, Vyatipaata, Parivesha, Indrachaapa and Upaketu are defined based on Sun's longitude. The exact formulas are given in Table 9. All these upagrahas are very malefic in nature. Any houses occupied by them in rasi chart or divisional charts are spoiled by them.
It may be noted that Dhuma and Indrachaapa are apart by 180° and Vyatipaata and
Parivesha are apart by 180°.
Example 6:
Let us say Sun is at 9Sg36. Sg is the 9th rasi and so Sun's longitude can be expressed as 8s 9°36' (based on the notation introduced in 1.3.2). The length of each of the 8 rasis before Sg is 30°. So we can find the longitude of Sun (i.e., distance traversed by Sun from the beginning of the zodiac) as 8x30°+9°36' = 249°36'. Adding 133°20' to it, we get 382°56'. This can be rewritten8 as 22°56'. That is the longitude of Dhuma. So Dhuma is at 22°56' in Ar.
Because Dhuma and Indrachaapa are 180° apart, you can say without further computation that Indrachapa is in the 7th sign from Ar, which is Li. His advancement from the start of Li is also 22°56'.
NOTE: You can verify that Aries and Libra, Taurus and Scorpio, Gemini and Sagittarius, Cancer and Capricorn, Leo and Aquarius, Virgo and Pisces are the signs that are 180° apart. So, if Dhuma is at 11°36' from the start of Aquarius, Indrachapa will be at 11°36' from the start of Leo. Vyatipata is obtained by subtracting Dhuma from 360º. We see that 360º – 22°56' = 337°4'. So Vyatipata is at 337°4', i.e. at 7°4' from the start of Pi. Since Parivesha is at 180º from Vyatipata, he is at 7°4' in Vi.
Exercise 7: If Sun is at 13°19' from the start of Ta, find the positions of all the five upagrahas defined so far.
